Nanomaterials and Their Applications in Chemical Technology

Abstract

Nanomaterials possess structural features at the nanoscale that can produce chemical, physical, optical, electrical, and catalytic properties different from those of bulk materials. Their high surface-area-to-volume ratios, tunable electronic structures, surface reactivity, and size-dependent behavior have created important opportunities in chemical technology. Nanomaterials are increasingly used in catalysis, sensing, environmental remediation, energy conversion and storage, coatings, membranes, and advanced manufacturing. This paper examines nine major dimensions of nanomaterials and their applications in chemical technology, including nanoscale properties, synthesis, catalysis, sensors, environmental applications, energy technologies, nanocomposites, safety, and sustainable future development.